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Icelandic orthography is the way in which Icelandic words are spelt and how their spelling corresponds with their pronunciation. ==Alphabet== The Icelandic alphabet is a Latin alphabet including some letters duplicated with acute accents; in addition, it includes the letter eth Ðð, transliterated as ''d'', and the runic letter thorn Þþ, transliterated as ''th'' (pictured to the right); ''Ææ'' and ''Öö'' are considered letters in their own right and not a ligature or diacritical version of their respective letters. Icelanders call the ten extra letters (not in the English alphabet), especially thorn and eth, ''séríslenskur'' ("specifically Icelandic" or "uniquely Icelandic"), although they are not. Eth is also used in Faroese, while thorn is no longer used in any other living language. Icelandic words never start with ''ð'', which means the capital version ''Ð'' is mainly just used when words are spelled using all capitals. Sometimes the glyphs are simplified when handwritten, for example ''æ'' (considered a separate letter, originally a ligature) may be written as ''ae'', which can make it easier to write cursively. The alphabet consists of the following 32 letters. ;Deleted letter The letters ''a'', ''á'', ''e'', ''é'', ''i'', ''í'', ''o'', ''ó'', ''u'', ''ú'', ''y'', ''ý'', ''æ'' and ''ö'' are considered vowels, and the remainder are consonants. The letters C (''sé'', ), Q (''kú'', ) and W (''tvöfalt vaff'', ) are only used in Icelandic in words of foreign origin and some proper names that are also of foreign origin. Otherwise, ''c, qu,'' and ''w'' are substituted with ''k/s/ts, hv,'' and ''v'' respectively. (In fact, ''hv'' etymologically corresponds to Latin ''qu'' and English ''wh'' in words inherited from Proto-Indo-European: Icelandic ''hvað'', Latin ''quod'', English ''what''.) The letter Z (''seta'', ) was used until 1973, when it was abolished, as it was only an etymological detail. However, one of the most important newspapers in Iceland, ''Morgunblaðið'', still uses it sometimes (although very rarely), and a secondary school, Verzlunarskóli Íslands has it in its name. It is also found in some proper names of people. Older people, who were educated before the abolition of the ''z'' sometimes also use it. While the letters C, Q, W, and Z are found on the Icelandic keyboard, they are rarely used in Icelandic; they are used in some proper names of Icelanders, mainly family names (family names are the exception in Iceland). Many consider the letters should be part of the Icelandic alphabet, as the alphabet is first and foremost a tool to collate words/proper nouns. Not having these letters in the alphabet makes it impossible to alphabetize names like Carl and Walter that are well known in Iceland. The alphabet, as taught in Icelandic schools until c. 1980, consisted of 36 letters: a, á, b, c, d, ð, e, é, f, g, h, i, í, j, k, l, m, n, o, ó, p, q, r, s, t, u, ú, v, w, x, y, ý, z, þ, æ, ö. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Icelandic orthography」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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